Using the right colors when designing sites

Color selection for Website design is a topic that'syellow and violet, or orange and blue. These colors
been approached from many different angles. Someare said to complement one another. When placed
people approach it from a usability standpoint,next to each other, a phenomenon known as
explaining how to ensure readability andsimultaneous contrast occurs, wherein each color
cross-platform compatibility. Some well-meaningmakes the other look more vibrant.
people try to explain that design is all about feelings,There are two pitfalls to avoid when using
describing colors with such hallucinatory delineations ascomplimentary schemes: 1. If you place
happiness, energy, and stability. Others come to thecomplementary colors on top of one another, this
table with advertising concerns like, "Yellow meanscreates an illusion of movement. This is really bad for
cheap, green means money, and black may meantext. Have you ever tried to read violet text on a
elegance, or maybe…death!" Have you everyellow background? Trust me: it's not pretty.
wondered where designers get that mystical ability2. Also, colors like cyan and red, which are not quite
to say whether a color is or is not "working"? Whiledirectly across from each other, yet are not close
it's true that sea-foam green doesn't make a goodenough to be analogous, will clash rather than
accent for a palette of primary colors, nobody reallycomplement. These colors are known as discordants.
explains why. Just like having a knack forUnless you want to promote discord among your
programming concepts, some natural ability can bevisitors, I suggest that you don't use these
advantageous when you're working with color, butcombinations in your projects.
most of the skills can be gained from a basicComplementary color schemes are often more
understanding of color theory. Armed with a littlecomplex than simply using two colors from opposite
knowledge and a few safe rules of thumb, you'll besides of the color wheel.
more dangerous with a palette than a card-counterA double-complementary color scheme, for instance,
at a poker table.is one in which two complementary color sets are
The Painter's Best Friend To begin to understandused in a single theme. Similarly, a split complimentary
color, you'll have to think like a painter. Now, don't gotheme is one in which a color is paired with the two
out and start throwing paint around like Jacksoncolors adjacent to its compliment. For instance, if you
Pollack; I mean simply that you need to think inwanted to create a split-complimentary theme using
terms of red, yellow, and blue. When you're workingthe colors on our color wheel, you would first select
with your beloved computer, colors are displayed ina color you want to use, like yellow. Then, you'd
percentages of RGB (red, green, and blue) light usingchoose the dark blue and pink that are adjacent to
an additive method. This means that, as more ofyellow's complement, violet.
each color is added, you get closer to white light. InHere are a few solid examples of complementary
contrast -- no pun intended -- painters use acolor schemes: http://www.ufl.edu - The University of
subtractive color method.Florida has been widely acclaimed for its recent
So, by asking you to think like a painter, I really meanXHTML redesign. It's also a great example of a
that I want you to think about colors ascomplementary color scheme.
combinations of red, yellow, and blue, and to realizeTake note that although orange and blue are the
that, as you add colors, you get closer to black.main design colors, you don't really see them
Being a master painter, your most critical tool foroverlapping much – this would cause that
mixing colors is your understanding of the simple colorwhole movement illusion thing we discussed earlier.
wheel shown here. The black triangle that I placed inhttp://www.modestmousemusic.com - Modest Mouse
the center points out the primary colors. If you mixis another example of a pure complementary color
two primary colors, you will get the secondary colorscheme. It's also one of the few sites I've ever seen
that's pointed out by the lighter gray triangle. Whenthat's been able to pull off a green and pink color
you mix a primary with either of its closestscheme.
secondary colors, you get a tertiary color; these arehttp://www.panera.com - Panera Bread offers an
located between the points of the black and grayinteresting example of a complimentary color scheme.
triangles. With this painterly understanding of theYou can clearly see the double-complementary action
color wheel, grasping the concepts of color theorywith the green to red and the orange to blue
will be a snap.relationships on the page.
Color Schemes When I mentioned my programmerMonochromatic If you mix white with a pure color,
friends, and how they couldn't create a harmoniousyou produce tints of that color. If you mix black with
set of colors, I was talking about color schemes.a pure color, you get shades of that color. So, what
There are three main sets of color schemes:do you get if you create an image using only the
analogous, complimentary, and monochromatic.tints and shades of one color? A monochromatic
Analogous Analogous colors are those that arecolor scheme. This example is yet another of
adjacent to each other on the color wheel. If youcolor-theme based still life, and consists of only tints
pick any range of colors between two points ofand shades of the color orange.
either triangle on our color wheel (ie yellow to red,Here are a few examples of monochromatic color
orange to violet, red to blue, etc), you will have anschemed sites: http://www.target.com - Target is the
analogous color scheme. While I was taking antextbook definition of a monochromatic color
introductory design class at UCF, we were given ascheme. Everything is red, white, black, and
still life, and one class period to paint it usingcombinations thereof. On the homepage, it looks like
whatever color scheme we were studying.they even avoid using photos that don't fall in this
Risking public ridicule in the interest of avoidingscheme. Now that's design dedication! http:/
copyright infringement, I'll use these as my colorwww.macromedia.com - Macromedia has a similar idea
scheme examples.with its teal gradient color scheme. It, too, is
This still-life has an analogous color scheme achievedstrategically using images to tie together the look on
by mixing only yellow and blue acrylic paint.the homepage.
Try checking out the links below to see somehttp://www.yakima.com - Yakima does a terrific job
examples of analogous color schemes in action.of using multiple monochromatic schemes. Each of
http://www.zeldman.com - Jeffery Zeldmanthe main navigational pages has an orange, blue, or
presents…a very limited analogous colorgreen monochromatic scheme.
scheme. It's certainly not complimentary, as none ofThere are many variations of these three color
the colors are positioned opposite one another onschemes, and much research has gone into defining
our color wheel.scientific methodologies for the coordination of colors,
Notice that he only really uses two colors in hisbut these are the foundation principles. The best
design, and only two or three tints/shades of eachadvice I have for developing an eye for color is: keep
color. Using a limited color palette is a great idea, asyour eyes open. If you see a Website,
long as the colors fall into a strict color theme.advertisement, or illustration that really stands out,
Depending on how you pull it off, this will usuallyask yourself what type of color scheme it uses. Like
produce a crisp, fresh feel.analyzing a block of code, knowing the syntax of the
http://www.jasonsantamaria.com? - Jason Santalanguage of color is a great start for understanding
Maria's classic book cover design is another greatits purpose.
example of an analogous color scheme. Notice thatHopefully you will find this information useful in
every bit of color on his site falls within one third ofchoosing colors for your next Web application, or
our color wheel.perhaps even as an introduction to your newfound
http://www.gorillaglue.com - I'm wondering how apainting hobby! Remember, the color wheel is your
company that sells glue has such a flashy, funfriend. You might even consider going out and buying
Website … but you'll notice as you play witha revolving plastic one from your local art supply
the gorilla menu that all of the color on the sitestore to keep on your desk. At the very minimum
ranges from yellow, through orange, to a dark red.you should be able to impress the designer(s) in your
Complementary Complementary color schemesdepartment when you define for them the color
consist of colors that are located opposite eachscheme they used on their latest design comp. Just
other on the color wheel, such as green and red,remember: coders can use color, too.