Creating a search engine friendly website structure

Creating a good web site structure is crucial for bothuse spaces when searching for terms (e.g., people
your visitors and achieving a good rank with thesearch for "blue widgets" not "bluewidgets".
major search engines. Most visitors who visit yourDo not use underscores to separate words (e.g.,
site will be visiting for a particular reason. Either they"blue_widgets"). If you separate your keywords with
want to find out more information about theunderscores, Google (and possibly other search
products or services that you offer, or alternatively,engines) will not separate your keywords. The search
they may wish to buy a product having carried outengines will index the word for your file name as one
some initial research.long text string and not as separate words.
You may have only one opportunity to inform themDynamically Generated URLs
about your services and have them contact you;Dynamically generated URLs come from Web pages
therefore your site should be designed in such a waythat are generated from "scripts," which put together
that encourages and makes contacting you easy topage content from a database or multiple files "on
do.the fly" by a server, when a user asks to see a Web
In this regard, search engine optimization should notpage. These pages are different from those that
get in the way of having a clean and friendly site.statically sit on a server. If you see a URL containing
The following design rules can help you build a sitea question mark ("?"), it likely means that page has
that will be both visitor friendly and ranked well bybeen pulled from a database to be displayed in your
the major search engines.browser. Other symbols you might see that indicate
Home Pagesthis are: &, $, =, +, and %.
The home page is the most important page of aSome search engine crawlers, such as Google's, will
Web site from an SEO standpoint. If you are onlyindex dynamically-generated pages, but others will not
going to optimize one page of your site, both forindex pages when they see those symbols, especially
search engines and potential clients, it should be thethe question mark. Some search engines will only
home page. Even if your goal is to optimize yourindex a dynamically-generated page that is linked
entire site, you should devote a good deal of yourfrom a static page, i.e., the search engine will not
time and effort to optimizing your home page.follow links from dynamically-generated pages.
In the search engine indexing process, the homeIf you are going to have dynamic pages on your
page of a domain receives more weight than itsweb site, it is important that, at a minimum, they not
internal pages. The home page is also the one pagehave session variables presented to the search
that will be seen by most of your visitors. Becauseengines. Session variables are unique strings of text in
of this, it is important to list and include your practicea URL that are generated each time a user visits a
areas and other keywords on your home page, assite. For example, Amazon has session variables in
well as provide links to information in your internalthe URL when a user visits its site. Session variables
pages. The home page must be text rich and notcause the same page to appear with constantly
contain extensive graphics, flash or videochanging URLs, and search engines will not index
components. The page must also load quickly, anddynamic pages that deliver the same content over
any JavaScript and style sheets should be placed inand over again with a changing URL.
external files.A Web server may be configured to have the URL
You should never have a splash page if yourof a dynamic page appear as a static HTML page, in
objective is effective search engine optimization.which case spiders will index the Web page as
Most visitors will skip by the splash page, and it maythough it is static and will follow links on the page.
even keep a search engine crawler or spider fromAn additional issue that dynamic pages create, even
indexing your the other Web pages of your site.if they appear in the URLs as static pages, is that
A Search Engine and Visitor Friendly Site Mapthey are often slower-loading than plain HTML pages,
You should always have a site map that contains linksbecause of the data processing required by the
to your web site's various sections or pages. From anserver to put them together on the fly. The slow
SEO perspective, having a link to your site map onprocessing of these pages can lead to fewer pages
your home page -- if not all pages of your Web sitebeing indexed. If a page takes too long to load, a
-- is important. Listing the links to all the majorspider will move on without indexing that page. As
sections and/or pages of your site in one,Google notes "Because our web crawler can easily
easy-to-find place makes it much easier for a searchoverwhelm and crash sites serving dynamic content,
engine crawler to grab and index your entire site.we limit the amount of dynamic pages we index".
From a user-perspective, it is worthwhile having theHypertext Links
site map linked on every page so that users canHypertext links are the text and links placed
easily go there if they are having problems findingbetween the link tags (<a href=" link text <
specific information.a>), which take internet users to different
Multiple Sub-domainssections and pages of your web site, as well as to
If you own a particular domain name then you canother Web sites.
create an unlimited number of domain names thatSearch engines like hypertext links as navigation tools
use the original name as a suffix. Once you register afor two reasons:
domain, such as with a registrar, you are free to(1) Spiders and crawlers can easily read the text
create as many sub-domains as you wish, e.g., Youplaced between link tags; and
will still need your system administrator or ISP to set(2) Spiders or crawlers can easily follow links that are
these sub-domains up, and they may charge a setuplisted. Remember that if a spider or crawler has a
cost, but there are no domain name registrationhard time finding or following the links you've placed
costs. Each of the default/home pages of theseon your pages; it may give up indexing your site.
domains will get the same preferential value as yourDrop-Down or Pull-Down Menus
default domain name or home page from searchUsing a drop-down or pull-down menu helps you save
engines. If your Web developer can provideon screen space when you have a lot of material
sub-domains for you, it may help increase thethat needs to be displayed on your pages, or a
rankings of some of your Web pages in searchcomplicated multi-level navigational structure. In
engine indices, without having to purchase additionalgeneral one should use XHTML and CSS style sheets
domains from one of the registries.to present drop-down or pull-down menu navigation
Directory Depth and Search Engine Indexing andso that the search engines will still see the Href links
Rankingswhen indexing your Web page.
Directory depth refers to the number of directoriesIf this type of navigational scheme uses a CGI script
in a URL. When your web site content and files areor JavaScript it is not good for search engine
grouped into a directory structure, your URL willcrawlers, and the links may not be indexed. If you
reflect this structure (similar to how files are groupeddecide to use drop-down or pull-down menus using
and stored into broad categories in folders in yourJavaScript or a CGI script as your main navigational
computer). The deeper you go "down" the directoryformat, remember to include a secondary form of
structure, the more directories your URL will shownavigation to allow search engine spiders to follow
for a particular file.links to the sections of your Web site easily. You can
For example: has a directory depth of 0 has anormally do this by linking to a page that contains
directory depth of 1 (products is a directory) has alinks to the choices presented in the drop-down or
directory depth of 2 (products is a directory, andpull-down menu.
widgets is a subdirectory)Image Maps
Most of the major search engines will index a siteMost search engines will not follow links placed in
regardless of its directory depth. Yet, some searchimage maps. Thus, if you are going to use an image
engine algorithms will discount the weight given tomap it is best to also provide text links as well.
pages that are multiple levels down in a web site'sIdeally, all of the text links should be included on the
directory structure. As a general rule, it is advisablesame page, but if needed, from a design perspective,
not to have extraneous directories that are not usedput one link in text at the bottom of the page that
in your web site's structure. For example, if you havetakes your users to a list of links that were on the
an extraneous directory called "html" where you placeimage map. This will also help those not loading
all of your HTML files, you should remove it ifgraphics find the content they are looking for.
possible. This can normally be accomplished by askingFast Downloads of HTML, XHTML, Site Layout and
your webmaster to change the web serverNavigation
configuration to point to the "html" directory/folderIt is important that the HTML or XHTML of a web
as the default folder for the Web site.page load into a user's browser window quickly. The
Domain, Directory and File Namesfile size of a web page itself, excluding images,
You can place keywords in the name of a domain,plug-ins or other files that are a part of the page,
secondary domain, directory or file. Some searchshould to be under 40k when at all possible. One way
engines give extra weight to these file name words.to keep the file size of a page small and remove
Here are a few tips to help you do this:extra text from the top of the page is to keep
Separate keywords with dashes (e.g., "blue-widgets").JavaScript and style sheets in a separate file that is
Do not run keywords together, as they will be seencalled by and integrated into the Web page at the
as one word by the search engine, and most peopletime a user wants the page.